Alpha-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) modulates human prostate LNCaP xenograft growth and gene expression in BALB/c nude mice fed two levels of dietary soybean oil

Abstract Background  Malignancy of the prostate constitutes a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in America and Europe. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) has been shown to inhibit human prostate cancer growth in vitro, via several mechanisms, including inhibiting prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions. The route of α-TOS administration has a profound effect on its antitumor activity, and few studies have investigated its effects on prostate cancer growth in vivo.